类 Category
种类，类别。“类”是对具有相同属性、特征的人或事物的指称。“类”体现着对事物共性以及不同类别事物间区别的把握。明确个体事物的类别归属，明确不同属类的区别与界限，是对事物进行命名并进而构建万物秩序的基础。古代诸多学派都对“类”的概念进行过探讨，对类名的使用、分类原则、同类事物间的关系等问题提出了各自不同的看法。
Lei is used to refer to people or things which have similar attributes or characteristics. It represents recognition of the commonalities of things and the differences between categories. Establishing which categories individual entities belong to, and what distinctions and boundaries there are between different types is the basis for naming and developing an order of all things in the world. Many ancient schools of thought studied the concept of lei, and offered different views on the use of category names, the principles of categorization, and the relationships between objects in the same category.
引例 Citations：
◎方以类聚，物以群分。（《周易·系辞上》）
各种方法规则按照门类汇聚，各种事物按照群属相区分。
Methods fall into categories, and entities are divided into groups. (The Book of Changes)
◎命之马，类也。若实也者必以是名也。（《墨子·经说上》）
命名为“马”，是一个类名。只要有实物就必然要以相应的名来指称。
When you call something a "horse," that is a category. If something exists, it must be called by an appropriate name. (Mozi)
推荐：教育部 国家语委
供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社
责任编辑：钱耐安
